Explanatory note: This class includes mainly cleaning preparations and toilet preparations.

4 - Industrial oils and greases

Common specifications within this class are:

• industrial oils and greases;
• lubricants;
• dust absorbing, wetting and binding compositions;
• fuels (including motor spirit) and illuminants;
• candles and wicks for lighting.

Specifications not included within this class:

• certain special industrial oils and greases, please consult relevant classifications for these.

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly industrial oils and greases, fuels and illuminants.

5 - Pharmaceutical and veterinary preparations, medicines.

Common specifications within this class are:

• pharmaceutical and veterinary preparations;
• sanitary preparations for medical purposes;
• sanitary preparations for personal hygiene, other than toiletries;
• deodorants other than for personal use;
• dietetic substances adapted for medical use, food for babies;
• plasters, materials for dressings;
• material for stopping teeth, dental wax;
• disinfectants;
• preparations for destroying vermin;
• fungicides, herbicides.
• cigarettes without tobacco, for medical purposes.

Specifications not included within this class:

• deodorants for personal use (Class. 3);
• sanitary preparations being toiletries (Class. 3);
• supportive bandages (Class. 10).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly pharmaceutical and other preparations for medical purposes.

6 - Common metals and their alloys

Common specifications within this class are:

• common metals and their alloys;
• metal building materials;
• transportable buildings of metal;
• materials of metal for railway tracks;
• non-electric cables and wires of common metal;
• ironmongery and small items of metal hardware;
• pipes and tubes of metal;
• safes;
• goods of common metal not included in other classes;
• ores.

Specifications not included within this class:

• metals in foil and powder form for painters, decorators, printers and artists (Class. 2);
• bauxite (Class. 1);
• mercury, antimony, alkaline and alkaline-earth metals (Class. 1).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly unwrought and partly wrought common metals as well as simple products made of them.

7 - Machines and machine tools

Common specifications within this class are:

• machines and machine tools;
• motors and engines (except for land vehicles);
• machine coupling and transmission components (except for land vehicles);
• parts of motors and engines (of all kinds);
• electric cleaning machines and apparatus;
• agricultural implements;
• incubators for eggs;

Specifications not included within this class:

• hand tools and implements, hand-operated (Class. 8);
• motors and engines for land vehicles (Class. 12);
• certain special machines and machine tools (please consult individual classification).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly machines, machine tools, motors and engines.

8 - Hand tools and implements

Common specifications within this class are:

• hand tools and implements (hand operated);
• cutlery;
• cutlery of precious metals;
• side arms;
• razors.
• electric razors and clippers (hand instruments).

Specifications not included within this class:

• surgical cutlery (Class. l0);
• paper knives (Class. 16);
• fencing weapons (Class. 28);
• machine tools and implements driven by a motor (Class. 7).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly hand-operated implements used as tools in the respective professions.

9 - Computer software, hardware, computer games, CD’s, DVD’s and MP3 players, electronic publications (downloadable).

Common specifications within this class are:

• all computer programs and software regardless of recording media or means of dissemination, that is, software recorded on magnetic media or downloaded from a remote computer network;
• scientific, nautical, surveying, photographic, cinematographic, optical, weighing, measuring, signalling, checking (supervision), life-saving and teaching apparatus and instruments; apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching, transforming, accumulating, regulating or controlling electricity;
• apparatus for recording, transmission or reproduction of sound or images;
• magnetic data carriers, recording discs;
• automatic vending machines and mechanisms for coin-operated apparatus;
• cash registers, calculating machines, data-processing equipment and computers; fire-extinguishing apparatus;
• apparatus and instruments for scientific research in laboratories;
• amusement apparatus adapted for use with television receivers only.


Specifications not included within this class:

• electromechanical apparatus for the kitchen (grinders and mixers for foodstuffs, fruit presses, electrical coffee mills, etc.), and certain other apparatus and instruments driven by an electrical motor, all coming under Class 7;
• electrical apparatus for space heating or for the heating of liquids, for cooking, ventilating, etc. (Class. 11);
• electric toothbrushes and combs (Class. 21);
• electric razors and clippers (hand instruments) (Class. 8);
• clocks and watches and other chronometric instruments (Class. 14).

10 - Surgical, dental and veterinary apparatus and instruments

Common specifications within this class are:

• surgical, medical, dental and veterinary apparatus and instruments;
• apparatus and instruments for scientific research in laboratories;
• artificial limbs, eyes and teeth;
• special furniture for medical use;
• supportive bandages.
• orthopaedic articles;
• suture materials.

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly medical apparatus, instruments and articles.

11 - Apparatus for lighting, water supply and sanitary purposes

Common specifications within this class are:

• apparatus for lighting, heating, steam generating, cooking, refrigerating, drying, ventilating, water supply and sanitary purposes;
• air conditioning apparatus;
• electrically heated cushions (pads) and blankets, not for medical purposes;
• bedwarmers, hot water bottles, warming pans, electric or non-electric;
• electric kettles;
• electric cooking utensils.

Specifications not included within this class:

• steam producing apparatus (parts of machines) (Class. 7);
• electrically heated clothing (Class. 9).

12 - Vehicles

Common specifications within this class are:

• vehicles;
• apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water;
• motors and engines for land vehicles;
• air cushion vehicles;
• couplings and transmission components for land vehicles.

Specifications not included within this class:

• motors, engines, couplings and transmission components other than for land vehicles (Class. 7);
• parts of motors and engines (of all kinds) (Class. 7).

13 - Firearms

Common specifications within this class are:

• firearms;
• ammunition and projectiles;
• pyrotechnical products;
• explosives;
• fireworks.

Specifications not included within this class:

• matches (class. 34)

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly firearms and pyrotechnical products.

14 - Jewellery, precious metals and their alloys not included in other classes

Common specifications within this class are:

• precious metals and their alloys and goods in precious metals or coated therewith, not included in other classes;
• jewellery and precious stones;
• horological and chronometric instruments;
• jewellery (i.e., imitation jewellery and jewellery of precious metal and stones);
• cuff links, tie pins.

Specifications not included within this class:

• objects of art not of precious metals (classified according to the material of which they consist).
• certain goods in precious metals (classified according to their function or purpose), for example, metals in foil and powder form for painters, decorators, printers and artists (Class. 2);
• amalgam of gold for dentists (Class. 5);
• cutlery (Class. 8);
• electric contacts (Class. 9);
• pen nibs of gold (Class. 16).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly precious metals, goods in precious metals and, in general, jewellery, clocks and watches.

15 - Musical instruments

Common specifications within this class are:

• musical instruments;
• mechanical pianos and their accessories;
• electrical and electronic musical instruments.
• musical boxes;

Specifications not included within this class:

• apparatus for the recording, transmission, amplification and reproduction of sound (Class. 9).

16 - Books, paper, cardboard and goods made from these materials

Common specifications within this class are:

• paper, cardboard and goods made from these materials, not included in other classes;
• printed matter;
• bookbinding material;
• photographs;
• stationery;
• adhesives for stationery or household purposes;
• artists' material;
• paintbrushes;
• typewriters and office requisites (except furniture);
• instructional and teaching material (except apparatus);
• plastic materials for packaging (not included in other classes);
• printers' type;
• paper knives;
• plastic sheets, sacks and bags for wrapping and packaging;
• duplicators;
• printing blocks.

Specifications not included within this class:

• colours (Class. 2);
• hand tools for artists (for example, spatulas, sculptors' chisels) (Class. 8);
• certain goods made of paper and cardboard depending on the class.

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly paper, goods made from paper and office requisites.

17 - Electrical, thermal and acoustic insulating materials and plastics

Common specifications within this class are:

• rubber, gutta-percha, asbestos, mica and goods made from these materials, not included in other classes;
• plastics in extruded form for use in manufacture;
• packing, stopping and insulating materials;
• flexible pipes, not of metal.

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly electrical, thermal and acoustic insulating materials and plastics, being for use in manufacture in the form of sheets, blocks and rods.

18 - Leather, leather imitations and travel goods and bags

Common specifications within this class are:

• leather and imitations of leather, and goods made of these materials and not included in other classes;
• animal skins, hides;
• trunks and travelling bags;
• umbrellas, parasols and walking sticks;
• whips, harnesses and saddlery.

Specifications not included within this class:

• clothing, footwear, headgear (mainly class 25).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly leather, leather imitations and travel goods not included in other classes.

19 - Non-metallic building materials

Common specifications within this class are:

• building materials (non-metallic);
• non-metallic rigid pipes for building;
• semi-worked woods (for example: beams, planks, panels);
• building glass (for example, floor slabs, glass tiles);
• letter boxes of masonry;
• veneers;
• asphalt, pitch and bitumen;
• non-metallic transportable buildings;
• monuments, not of metal.

Specifications not included within this class:

• fireproofing preparations (Class. 1);
• cement preservatives and cement-waterproofing preparations (Class. 1).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly non-metallic building materials.

20 - Mainly furniture and its parts and plastic goods

Common specifications within this class are:

• furniture, mirrors, and picture frames;
• bedding (for example: mattresses, spring mattresses, pillows);
• metal furniture and furniture for camping;
• registration number plates not of metal;
• goods (not included in other classes) of wood, cork, reed, cane, wicker, horn, bone, ivory, whalebone, shell, amber, mother of pearl, meerschaum and substitutes for all these materials, or of plastics.

Specifications not included within this class:

• bedding linen (Class. 24);
• special furniture for laboratories (Class. 9);
• certain special types of mirrors, classified according to their function or purpose;
• special furniture for medical use (Class. 10).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly furniture and its parts and plastic goods not included in other classes.

21 - Hand-operated utensils and apparatus for household use

Common specifications within this class are:

• household or kitchen utensils and containers (not of precious metal or coated therewith);
• combs and sponges;
• brushes (except paintbrushes);
• brush-making materials;
• articles for cleaning purposes;
• steel wool;
• unworked or semi-worked glass (except glass in building);
• glassware, porcelain and earthenware not included in other classes;
• candle extinguishers, not of precious metal;
• electric toothbrushes;
• dish stands and decanter stands.

Specifications not included within this class:

• certain goods made of glass, porcelain and earthenware;
• small apparatus for mincing, grinding, pressing, etc., driven by electricity (Class. 7);
• cooking utensils, electric (Class. 11);
• toilet mirrors (Class. 20);
• cleaning preparations, soaps, etc. (Class. 3).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly small, hand-operated utensils and apparatus for household and kitchen use as well as toilet utensils, glassware and articles in porcelain.

22 - Rope and sail manufacture products

Common specifications within this class are:

• ropes, string, nets, tents, awning, tarpaulins, sails, sacks and bags (not included in other classes);
• padding and stuffing materials (except of rubber or plastics);
• raw fibrous textile materials;
• cords and twines in natural or artificial textile fibres, paper or plastics.

Specifications not included within this class:

• strings for musical instruments (Class. 15);
• certain nets, sacks and bags.

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly rope and sail manufacture products, padding and stuffing materials and raw fibrous textile materials.

23 - Yarns and threads for textile use

This class encompasses:
· yarns and threads for textile use.

24 - Mainly textiles and textile covers for household use

Common specifications within this class are:

• textiles and textile goods, not included in other classes;
• bed and table covers;
• bedding linen of paper.

Specifications not included within this class:

• certain special textiles
• table linen of paper (Class. l6);
• horse blankets (Class. 18).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly textiles (piece goods) and textile covers for household use.

25 - Clothing, footwear and headwear

Common specifications within this class are:

• clothing;
• footwear;
• headgear.

Specifications not included within this class:

• certain clothing and footwear for special use.

26 - Dressmakers' articles

Common specifications within this class are:

• lace and embroidery;
• ribbons and braid;
• buttons, hooks and eyes, pins and needles;
• artificial flowers;
• slide fasteners.

Specifications not included within this class

• certain special types of needles & hooks;
• yarns and threads for textile use (Class. 23).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly dressmakers' articles.

27 - Products intended to be added as furnishings

Common specifications within this class are:

• carpets, rugs, mats and matting;
• linoleum and other materials for covering existing floors;
• wall-hangings (non-textile);
• mainly products intended to be added as furnishings to previously constructed floors and walls.

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly products intended to be added as furnishings to previously constructed floors and walls.

28 - Games and playthings

Common specifications within this class are:

• games and playthings;
• equipment for various sports and games
• fishing tackle;.
• gymnastic and sporting articles not included in other classes;
• decorations for Christmas trees.

Specifications not included within this class

• clothing for gymnastics and sports (Class. 25);
• diving equipment (Class. 9);
• amusement apparatus adapted for use with television receivers only (Class. 9);
• fishing nets (Class. 22);
• Christmas tree candles (Class. 4);

29 - Foodstuffs of animal origin such as meat, fish and poultry

Common specifications within this class are :

• meat, fish, poultry and game;
• meat extracts;
• preserved, dried and cooked fruits and vegetables;
• jellies, jams, compotes;
• eggs, milk and milk products;
• edible oils and fats;
• milk beverages (milk predominating).

Specifications not included within this class:

• baby food (Class. 5);
• certain foodstuffs of plant origin;
• salad dressings (Class. 30);
• foodstuffs for animals (Class. 31);
• live animals (Class. 31).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly foodstuffs of animal origin, as well as vegetables and other horticultural comestible products that are prepared for consumption or conservation.

30 - Foodstuffs of plant origin prepared for consumption such as coffee, tea, cereals and bread.

Common specifications within this class are :

• coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar, rice, tapioca, sago and artificial coffee;
• flour and preparations made from cereals, bread, pastry and confectionery, ices;
• beverages with coffee, cocoa or chocolate base;
• cereals prepared for human consumption;
• honey and treacle;
• yeast and baking powder;
• salt and mustard;
• vinegar and sauces (condiments);
• spices;
• ice.

Specifications not included within this class:

• baby food (Class. 5);
• raw cereals (Class. 31);
• certain foodstuffs of plant origin ;
• medicinal teas and dietetic substances adapted for medical use (Class. 5).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly foodstuffs of plant origin prepared for consumption or conservation as well as auxiliaries intended for the improvement of the flavour of food.

31 - Land products not prepared for consumption, agricultural, and forestry products

Common specifications within this class are :

• agricultural, horticultural and forestry products and grains not included in other classes;
• live animals;
• fresh fruits and vegetables;
• seeds, natural plants and flowers;
• foodstuffs for animals;
• raw woods;
• raw cereals;
• malt.

Specifications not included within this class:

• rice (Class. 30);
• tobacco (Class. 34);
• cultures of micro-organisms and leeches for medical purposes (Class. 5);
• semi-worked woods (Class. 19);
• artificial fishing bait (Class. 28).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly land products not having been subjected to any form of preparation for consumption, live animals and plants as well as foodstuffs for animals.

32 - Beer and non-alcoholic beverages

Common specifications within this class are:

• beers;
• mineral and aerated waters and other non-alcoholic drinks;
• fruit drinks and fruit juices;
• syrups and other preparations for making beverages;
• de-alcoholised drinks.

Specifications not included within this class:

• milk beverages (milk predominating) (Class. 29);
• beverages for medical purposes (Class. 5);
• beverages with coffee, cocoa or chocolate base (Class. 30).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly non-alcoholic beverages, as well as beer.

33 - Alcoholic beverages (except beer)

Common specifications within this class are:

• alcoholic beverages (except beer).


Specifications not included within this class:

• medicinal drinks (Class. 5);
• de-alcoholised drinks (Class. 32).

34 - Tobacco and smokers' articles

Common specifications within this class are:

• tobacco;
• smokers' articles;
• tobacco substitutes
• matches.


Specifications not included within this class:

• cigarettes without tobacco, for medical purposes (Class. 5);
• certain smokers' articles in precious metal (Class. 14).

Services

35 - Advertising and administration, business consultancy, marketing, online retail, recruitment

Common specifications within this class are:

• advertising;
• business management;
• business administration;
• help in the working or management of a commercial undertaking;
• office functions.

Specifications not included within this class:

• the activity of an enterprise the primary function of which is the sale of goods, i.e., of a so-called commercial enterprise;
• services such as evaluations and reports of engineers which do not directly refer to the working or management of affairs in a commercial or industrial enterprise .

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly services rendered by persons or organisations principally with the object of: · 1. help in the working or management of a commercial undertaking; or · 2. help in the management of the business affairs or commercial functions of an industrial or commercial enterprise, as well as services rendered by advertising establishments primarily undertaking communications to the public, declarations or announcements by all means of diffusion and concerning all kinds of goods and services.

36 - Financial and monetary services

Common specifications within this class are:

• insurance;
• financial affairs;
• monetary affairs;
• real-estate affairs;
• services of all the banking establishments, or institutions connected with them such as exchange brokers or clearing services;
• services of credit institutions other than banks such as co-operative credit associations, individual financial companies, lenders, etc.;
• services dealing with insurance such as services rendered by agents or brokers engaged in insurance, services rendered to insured, and insurance underwriting services.

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly services rendered in financial and monetary affairs and services rendered in relation to insurance contracts of all kinds.

37 - Building contractors or sub-contractors services, installation and maintenance services

Common specifications within this class are:

• building construction;
• services relating to the construction of buildings, roads, bridges, dams or transmission lines and services of undertakings specializing in the field of construction such as those of painters, plumbers, heating installers or roofers;
• services consisting of hiring of tools or building materials;
• repair;
• installation services.

Specifications not included within this class:

• services consisting of storage of goods such as clothes or vehicles (Class. 39);
• services connected with dyeing of cloth or clothes (Class. 40).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly services rendered by contractors or sub-contractors in the construction or making of permanent buildings, as well as services rendered by persons or organisations engaged in the restoration of objects to their original condition or in their preservation without altering their physical or chemical properties.

38 - Telecommunications

Common specifications within this class are:

• telecommunications;
• Internet chat room services
• services which consist essentially of the diffusion of radio or television programmes.

Specifications not included within this class:

• radio advertising services (Class. 35).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly services allowing at least one person to communicate with another by sensory means. Such services include those that: 1. allow a person to talk to another; 2. transmit messages from one person to another; 3. place a person in oral or visual communication with another (radio and television).

39 - Transport services; arranging travel

Common specifications within this class are:

• transport;
• packaging and storage of goods;
• services connected with the hiring of transport vehicles;
• services connected with the functioning of airports;
• services connected with the packaging and parcelling of goods before dispatch;
• services consisting of information about journeys or the transport of goods by brokers and tourist agencies, information relating to tariffs, timetables and methods of transport;
• travel arrangement.

Specifications not included within this class:

• services relating to the issuing of travellers' cheques or letters of credit by brokers or travel agents (Class. 36);
• transport of persons or goods (Class. 37);
• services relating to reservation of rooms in a hotel by travel agents or brokers (Class. 43).
• services relating to insurances (commercial, fire or life) during the transport of persons or goods (Class. 36);

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly services rendered in transporting people or goods from one place to another (by rail, road, water, air or pipeline) and services necessarily connected with such transport, as well as services relating to the storing of goods in a warehouse or other building for their preservation or guarding.

40 - Treatment of materials

Common specifications within this class are:

• treatment of materials;
• services relating to transformation of an object or substance and any process involving a change in its essential properties (for example, dyeing a garment); consequently, a maintenance service, although usually in Class 37, is included in Class 40 if it entails such a change (for example, the chroming of motor vehicle bumpers);

Specifications not included within this class:

• repair services (Class. 37).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly services not included in other classes, rendered by the mechanical or chemical processing or transformation of objects or substances either inorganic or organic.

41 - Education and entertainment services, shows, sporting events, training

Common specifications within this class are:

• Scientific and technological services and research and design relating thereto;
• industrial analysis and research services; design and development of computer hardware and software;
• legal services.
• installation, maintenance and repair of computer software;
• computer consultancy services;
• design, drawing and commissioned writing for the compilation of web sites;
• creating, maintaining and hosting the web sites of others; compilation, creation and maintenance of a register of domain names;
• leasing of access time to a computer database.

Specifications not included within this class:

• business research and evaluations (Class. 35);
• word processing and computer file management services (Class. 35);
• medical treatment services (Class. 44);
• garden design (Class. 44).
• financial and fiscal evaluations (Class. 36).

Explanatory note: This class contains mainly services rendered by persons or institutions in the development of the mental faculties of persons or animals, as well as services intended to entertain or to engage the attention.

42 - Services- research, design and technology generally

This class encompasses:
·Scientific and technological services and research and design relating thereto; industrial analysis and research services; design and development of computer hardware and software; legal services. Includes: installation, maintenance and repair of computer software; computer consultancy services; the following Internet related services are also proper to this class: design, drawing and commissioned writing for the compilation of web sites; creating, maintaining and hosting the web sites of others; compilation, creation and maintenance of a register of domain names; leasing of access time to a computer database (the last item reflects the leasing of access time to a computer database on a dedicated line and not access provided by Internet Service Providers to databases in general which is in Class 38). Does not include: providing access to the Internet or portal services which are in Class 38.

Explanatory note: This class contains mainly services provided by persons, individually or collectively, in relation to the theoretical and practical aspects of complex fields of activities; such services are provided by members of professions such as chemists, physicists, engineers, computer specialists, lawyers, etc.

43 - Services for providing food and drink and accommodation

Common specifications within this class are:

• Services for providing food and drink;
• reservation services for travellers' accommodation, particularly through travel agencies or brokers;
• boarding for animals.
• temporary accommodation.

Specifications not included within this class:

• rental services for real estate such as houses, flats, etc., for permanent use (Class. 36);
• preservation services for food and drink (Class. 40);
• arranging travel by tourist agencies (Class. 39);
• discotheque services (Class. 41);
• boarding schools (Class. 41);
• rest and convalescent homes (Class. 44).

Explanatory note: This class contains mainly services provided by persons or establishments whose aim is to prepare food and drink for consumption and services provided to obtain bed and board in hotels, boarding houses or other establishments providing temporary accomodation.

44 - Services for medical care, hygenic and beauty care

Common specifications within this class are:

• Medical services;
• medical analysis services relating to the treatment of persons (such as x-ray examinations and taking of blood samples);
• pharmacy advice;
• veterinary services;
• animal breeding;
• hygienic and beauty care for human beings or animals;
• agriculture, horticulture and forestry services;
• services relating to the growing of plants such as gardening;
• services relating to floral art such as floral compositions as well as garden design.


Specifications not included within this class:

• health clubs for physical exercise (Class. 41);
• animal training services (Class. 41);
• animal slaughtering services and taxidermy (Class. 40);
• vermin exterminating (other than for agriculture, horticulture and forestry) (Class. 37);
• installation and repair services for irrigation systems (Class. 37);
• boarding for animals (Class. 43);
• retirement homes (Class. 43).

Explanatory note: This class includes mainly services for medical care, hygenic and beauty care given by persons or establishments to human beings and animals; it also includes services relating to the fields of agriculture, horticulture and forestry.

45 - Legal services; Services by others to meet the needs or protection of individuals

Common specifications within this class are:

• Personal and social services rendered by others to meet the needs of individuals;
• investigation and surveillance services relating to the safety of persons and entities;
• services provided to individuals in relation with social events, such as social escort services, matrimonial agencies, funeral services.
• security services for the protection of property and individuals.

Specifications not included within this class:

• professional services giving direct aid in the operations or functions of a commercial undertaking (Class. 35);
• legal services (Class. 42);
• security transport (Class. 39);
• performances of singers or dancers (Class. 41);
• professional services giving direct aid in the operations or functions of a commercial undertaking (Class. 35);
• services provided by others to give medical, hygienic or beauty care for human beings or animals (Class. 44).